Unlocking CNC Machine Tool

As a professional supplier of CNC machine, Dadesin Prototype has the obligation to let everyone understand what CNC is. The article is a comprohensive basic knowledge, including the composition of CNC machine tools, technology chain, product chain, and downstream industrial chain.

NC technology refers to the use of numbers, characters and symbols composed of digital instructions to achieve one or more mechanical equipment action control technology. NC is generally the use of general or special Computer to achieve digital program control, so NC is also called Computer Numerical Control, referred to as CNC.

The Control Unit of CNC Machine

The operation and monitoring of CNC machine tools are all completed in this CNC unit, which is the brain of CNC machine . Compared with ordinary machine tools, CNC machine tools have the following characteristics.

• High machining precision and stable machining quality.
• Can carry out multi-coordinate linkage, can process the shape of complex parts.
• When machining parts change, it is generally only necessary to change the numerical control program, which can save production preparation time.
• The machine itself has high precision, large rigidity, can choose a favorable processing amount, and high productivity (generally 3 to 5 times of ordinary machine tools).
• The machine tool has a high degree of automation, which can reduce labor intensity.
• The quality requirements of the operator are higher, and the technical requirements of the maintenance personnel are higher.

CNC machine tool composition, technology chain, product chain, downstream industrial chain.

CNC Machine Tools

In terms of composition, CNC machine tools are mainly divided into three parts: machine tool body, transmission system and CNC system.

1.Machine body

The machine tool body is the main component of the machine tool, is also the hardware of the machine tool, is the important mechanical accessories of the machine tool, and is the most easily visible part by the naked eye, including the bed and base castings, spindle and gearbox, guide rail and slide table, lubrication, chip removal and cooling.

2.Transmission system

The transmission system is an important "vein" of CNC machine tools, leading the orderly progress of all parts of the machine tools and the completion of the work mission of the machine tools, including tools, transmission machinery and auxiliary power systems.

• As far as the tool part is concerned, it includes a protection device, a tool library and a tool changing device.
• As the second largest component of the transmission system, the transmission machinery includes three parts: ball screw, linear guide rail and worm pair.
• he auxiliary power system includes two parts: the hydraulic system and the starting system, which are the power of the CNC machine tool.

3.Numerical control system

Numerical control system, can be said to be the soul of numerical control machine tool, but also the most emotional part of the whole machine tool, is the essence of the machine tool to complete the functions and operations. CNC system is basically divided into two categories.

• Drive device, which includes high-speed spindle, torque motor, linear motor, ordinary motor and stepper motor.
• Control and detection device, including CNC system, programmable controller, feed servo control module, position detection module.

Technology Chain

The technology chain of CNC machine tools is composed of six parts, in general, including real-time core technology of CNC system, direct drive motor processing control technology, servo motor processing control technology, linear sensing resolution technology, Angle sensing resolution technology and CNC system fieldbus technology.

Product chain

The product chain of CNC machine tools is relatively long compared to several other links, and generally includes machining centers, metal cutting, special processing, forming processing and other parts.

• Machining center: multi-axis linkage, flexible machining unit.
• Metal cutting: CNC lathe, CNC milling machine, CNC boring machine, CNC drilling machine, CNC grinding machine, CNC punching machine.
• Special processing: EDM machine tool, EDM forming machine tool, flame cutting machine tool, laser processing machine tool, high pressure water cutting machine tool, CNC automatic welding equipment.
• Forming machine: CNC press, CNC shearing machine, CNC bending machine, CNC bending machine, multi-coordinate measuring machine.
• Others: Automatic plotter, industrial robot and special CNC system.

Downstream Industry chain

CNC machine tool downstream industry chain reflects the full role of CNC machine tool as a "mother machine", widely used in various industries in the manufacturing industry, generally speaking, including the following aspects.

• National defense and military industry: aerospace, nuclear industry, ship industry, weapons manufacturing.
• Petrochemical: petroleum, petrochemical, chemical, etc.
• Shipbuilding industry: shipbuilding and ship-related.
• Machinery industry: machinery manufacturing, etc.
• Automotive industry: body processing, cylinder block processing, transmission, clutch, shaft components, etc.
• Other industrial manufacturing related fields.